#raspberry pi 4 setup

[virtualizationhowto]

Umbrel Personal Server OS for Privacy Conscious

Umbrel Personal Server OS for Privacy Conscious #homelab #UmbrelPersonalServerOS #BitcoinNodeSetup #RaspberryPi4WithUmbrel #SelfHostingSolutions #UmbrelAppStoreOverview #PersonalDataPrivacy #BitcoinAndLightningNetwork #DIYHomeServer #homeserverOS

Umbrel is an excellent option for a personal server operating system. These solutions are becoming increasingly popular as many are into self-hosting and running a home server or lab network. At its core, the Umbrel OS is designed to provide everything needed to self-host various apps and services, including self-hosting a Bitcoin node. Table of contentsWhat are personal server operating…

[tamara-kama]

Tools of the trade for retro gaming on the Raspberry Pi 4 CRT TV setup in the Kama Arcade 💜😁🕹️🎮

[canmom]

today i had the bright idea to organise all my videos. right now they're spread across three hard drives, following a rather haphazard organisation scheme - sometimes based on director, sometimes based on studio, sometimes based on country of origin, sometimes just getting a top level folder because I couldn't think of a good grouping.

well, now they're all going on one hard drive (and i need to make some kind of raid setup so i don't lose the lot if it breaks). i have an old raspberry pi sitting around which might be able to act as a media server/seedbox if it still works. anyway, the question is, how do I organise this thing?

top level is easy enough - animation here, live action there. then I can further sort by country level categories like anime, donghua, etc. - easy enough so far.

but then it's like... sometimes it makes sense to sort by studio, like the Ghibli movies should live together for example. and sometimes director makes more sense, like Masaaki Yuasa's stuff should be together even if he made it at 4°C, as with Mind Game. and sometimes I couldn't tell you which studio or director made a thing, so it would just get a top level folder.

and then it's like... Studio 4°C has a very strong identity as a studio so their stuff should probably live together, right? unless it was directed by Masaaki Yuasa, who gets his own folder..? and should 90s Berserk, animated at Oriental Light & Magic, live with the later film trilogy by Studio 4°C? in that case they shouldn't go in the 4°C folder.

I could put it in one 'objective' scheme, by year for example, and use some kind of system of symlinks to also organise by director, studio etc. but clearly what I'm really looking for is a tagging system. it's common to have that for music libraries. however, I only want to play back in mpv, since no other player is as configurable, properly supports ICC profiles and vapoursynth, etc. etc. mpv is a great player but it's not a library system. probably the open source world has figured this out at some point? also I want to be able to access this drive from Linux and Windows.

clearly i need to just categorise them by Borges' Celestial Emporium and call it a day...

[inimitablereel]

Pi-Hole debug log

I'm thinking about writing up a nice guide so let me know if that would be useful to anyone but in the meantime, some notes about difficulties I ran into setting up a pi-hole

First off, I do want to say that this is actually pretty technically complicated? Like it's been floating around tumblr for a while, lots of people have done it, you can too, but when OP on that viral post said they took 2 hours and don't know anything, I think they mean they don't know anything in the same way I do (I have a whole degree in computers I have used a terminal before, but I hadn't used a raspberry pi before)

Rest below the cut

Gathering Materials Good news: there's lots of viable options for a raspberry pi that works with pihole! The minimal requirements are really very minimal. You need some computer that you're willing to devote to blocking your internet. (Theoretically you could do this on a computer also used for different stuff but that would suck and make you have no ram.) In practice, unless you've got a spare working laptop floating around for some reason, you are going to want that to be a raspberry pi. Bad news: now you have to make decisions. The "official" pihole kit has been sold out for ages, so that's not an option. I said fuck it and bought kit for the raspberry pi 4 off of one of the licensed distributors linked from raspberrypi.com (because it had all the requirements) but that was ~$100 with shipping and there ARE cheaper options. It looks like the raspberry pi zero barely hits the RAM requirements and is $15 at a licensed distributor so that's likely as low as you can go. And if you're not just buying a kit you'll need at a minimum a power supply, a microsd card (the pihole requirement is 4GB but everything I was seeing was way bigger anyways), and a way to read a microsd card (either a USB microsd reader or if your laptop already has an sd card reader you'll need one of those microsd to normal sd card converters which idk where you get but a USB microsd reader is very cheap). You don't need but may want an hdmi cable that will connect to the pi

Setting Up and Using a Raspberry Pi You may notice for notes that aren't a guide (yet) this is going into Great Detail about the early parts of the setup. As someone who hadn't used a raspberry pi before, I found all the pihole guides I was looking at skipped the basics I needed and most of my setup time was trying to figure out what was going on with my raspberry pi, not actually doing the pi-hole thing. The raspberry pi getting started page actually had all the information I needed in conjunction with their pihole setup guide if I'd read it thoroughly enough but since I didn't a general overview: first you plug the sd card into your personal computer to image it; then once it's imaged you take it out and put it in your raspberry pi; then after it's blinked at you a bit you ssh to your raspberry pi while on the same wifi network you just set up in the imaging step. This is running your raspberry pi "headless" which means you don't need a monitor/hdmi cable but does make it harder to debug if you can't ssh. Also if you're on windows apparently you NEED to download a different terminal because windows command prompt for all that it's gotten better over time cannot connect to unix operating systems (which raspbian is).

AT&T hates internet configuration Now we're getting to the part that's specific to me. My internet is on AT&T, which has overall been pretty okay (and they've had great technicians for setup and repair), but AT&T fiber does not let you set your own DNS. The non-annoying backup is to make the pi-hole your DHCP server instead of your DNS server, which IS in every setup guide but is NOT very detailed. (Possibly if I wasn't on AT&T this whole paragraph would be complaining about the level of detail of guides about making your pi-hole your DNS.) To get DHCP working, I found a different, slightly outdated guide from someone else on AT&T fiber which was pretty useful but had some pitfalls because it is a bit out of date: https://otter-security.com/how-to/ht_post/28/

Key points for setting up a pihole as DHCP server:

Set up your pihole normally/following the raspberry pi guide for the prompts

You still need to allocate a static IP for your pihole. For AT&T, this is on the IP allocation of the Home Network tab of the advanced settings page. That static IP should be the same as whatever the IP the IPv4 one the pihole install configured.

Disable DHCP on the subnets & DHCP tab. THIS IS THE STEP THAT BREAKS YOUR INTERNET: without DHCP available only some sites will work. This will be fixed by enabling DHCP on the pi-hole

Disable IPv6 (more about this later)

Enable DHCP on the pi-hole admin page: this is just a checkbox under settings->DHCP. The router ip address should be the one listed on the back of your router/the one used to get to the advanced settings (probably already correct)

Let all devices connect to the pi-hole under Settings->DNS on the pi-hole admin page (this is the step that was outdated or possibly just different because it was wired on the guide)

Don't You Forget About Mesh More details about my particular internet setup: we extend our internet with a mesh network. This kept getting in my way as I was doing the setup because I treat them largely interchangeably but it's important to put the raspberry pi and your computer on the SAME internet to do a local ssh, where the mesh vs the router are different here. I wanted to put the raspberry pi ssh on the router not the mesh because my initial setup attempt did break the mesh, but I'm not sure that that matters? Also I don't think anything connected to the mesh is getting the pihole filtering right now? Possible fixes required are either changing the mesh DNS to the pi-hole IP or seeing if the mesh has DHCP enabled.

IPv6: Still Broken So in the DHCP setup step I disabled IPv6. I couldn't get my DHCP to be forced to the pi-hole on IPv6 and I'm not sure why. I did set up my pi-hole to be IPv6 enabled and try disabling just IPv6 DHCP on my router, but it didn't seem to be hitting the pihole. Reading a help thread on this has convinced me that my best option is to leave it disabled until such a time as I want to learn things about networking again (a class I liked but also worked very hard to get a B in)

Why is my computer sad?? So I've declared pihole "working" in that our internet isn't broken and it's blocking at least some ads from some computers... but my mac is now giving ominous no internet connection warnings.

This would be a Big Problem except that I definitely can in fact reach the internet just fine. I'm on the internet right now! I don't know why my mac is sad and I am struggling to google it because it's specifically a false warning and I'm only getting results about the real problem. My hazy guess is it's ipv6 related? I could test this by disabling pihole/re-enabling DHCP on my router while keeping ipv6 off... but not in the middle of the day on a Friday

Adguard vs Pi-Hole: A Mystery Pi-Hole is no longer new technology and in the ~12 hours that it's been set up here hasn't made a dramatic difference in my life, mostly because I already had adblockers on my laptop. You can add more blocked sites and I've been looking at finding more adlists, but one alternate option is instead of running pi-hole on your raspberry pi, you run a commercial network level adblocker called AdGuard Home. I haven't tried the AdGuard option but it might do more comprehensive blocking? On the downside, it's commercial, not open source, so I do worry about them switching to break your internet if you don't give them money...

[orynntd]

Hopefully by March, we will be living in London, near to a lovely queer community. But we also find myself during this current social isolation we suffer, exiled from our tools, we miss taking on projects. This needs to change. Unfortunately said tools are currently packed up, awaiting out move.

So, after we have migrated from this dreary town, we will setup our little "lab" again and intend to work on various projects, including:

- A Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 powered Linux phone with 4G connectivity (initially)

- A Steampunk meets Atompunk desk, based on a nuclear reactor console

- Setting up Home Assistant powered smart tech in the new home, from lights to temperature control, etc

Have any ideas? Let me know! My specialism is Python, though I'm always up for learning something new. Challenges inspire me.

[ymishraofficial]

Top 10 Projects for BE Electrical Engineering Students

Embarking on a Bachelor of Engineering (BE) in Electrical Engineering opens up a world of innovation and creativity. One of the best ways to apply theoretical knowledge is through practical projects that not only enhance your skills but also boost your resume. Here are the top 10 projects for BE Electrical Engineering students, designed to challenge you and showcase your talents.

1. Smart Home Automation System

Overview: Develop a system that allows users to control home appliances remotely using a smartphone app or voice commands.

Key Components:

Microcontroller (Arduino or Raspberry Pi)

Wi-Fi or Bluetooth module

Sensors (temperature, motion, light)

Learning Outcome: Understand IoT concepts and the integration of hardware and software.

2. Solar Power Generation System

Overview: Create a solar panel system that converts sunlight into electricity, suitable for powering small devices or homes.

Key Components:

Solar panels

Charge controller

Inverter

Battery storage

Learning Outcome: Gain insights into renewable energy sources and energy conversion.

3. Automated Irrigation System

Overview: Design a system that automates the watering of plants based on soil moisture levels.

Key Components:

Soil moisture sensor

Water pump

Microcontroller

Relay module

Learning Outcome: Learn about sensor integration and automation in agriculture.

4. Electric Vehicle Charging Station

Overview: Build a prototype for an electric vehicle (EV) charging station that monitors and controls charging processes.

Key Components:

Power electronics (rectifier, inverter)

Microcontroller

LCD display

Safety features (fuses, circuit breakers)

Learning Outcome: Explore the fundamentals of electric vehicles and charging technologies.

5. Gesture-Controlled Robot

Overview: Develop a robot that can be controlled using hand gestures via sensors or cameras.

Key Components:

Microcontroller (Arduino)

Motors and wheels

Ultrasonic or infrared sensors

Gesture recognition module

Learning Outcome: Understand robotics, programming, and sensor technologies.

6. Power Factor Correction System

Overview: Create a system that improves the power factor in electrical circuits to enhance efficiency.

Key Components:

Capacitors

Microcontroller

Current and voltage sensors

Relay for switching

Learning Outcome: Learn about power quality and its importance in electrical systems.

7. Wireless Power Transmission

Overview: Experiment with transmitting power wirelessly over short distances.

Key Components:

Resonant inductive coupling setup

Power source

Load (LED, small motor)

Learning Outcome: Explore concepts of electromagnetic fields and energy transfer.

8. Voice-Controlled Home Assistant

Overview: Build a home assistant that can respond to voice commands to control devices or provide information.

Key Components:

Microcontroller (Raspberry Pi preferred)

Voice recognition module

Wi-Fi module

Connected devices (lights, speakers)

Learning Outcome: Gain experience in natural language processing and AI integration.

9. Traffic Light Control System Using Microcontroller

Overview: Design a smart traffic light system that optimizes traffic flow based on real-time data.

Key Components:

Microcontroller (Arduino)

LED lights

Sensors (for vehicle detection)

Timer module

Learning Outcome: Understand traffic management systems and embedded programming.

10. Data Acquisition System

Overview: Develop a system that collects and analyzes data from various sensors (temperature, humidity, etc.).

Key Components:

Microcontroller (Arduino or Raspberry Pi)

Multiple sensors

Data logging software

Display (LCD or web interface)

Learning Outcome: Learn about data collection, processing, and analysis.

Conclusion

Engaging in these projects not only enhances your practical skills but also reinforces your theoretical knowledge. Whether you aim to develop sustainable technologies, innovate in robotics, or contribute to smart cities, these projects can serve as stepping stones in your journey as an electrical engineer. Choose a project that aligns with your interests, and don’t hesitate to seek guidance from your professors and peers. Happy engineering!

[adafruit]

ICN6211 & TFT display hacking debugging

yesterday we had the square 4" 720x720 TFT display working with our Raspberry Pi DTO + ICN6211 configuration. now we want to move onto a round screen. one thing that was kinda nice about that screen is it does not require an SPI init code - it pops up immediately into RGB TTL mode. all our other screens require configuration. which means now we have a lot of variables: the DTO and kernel driver that writes DSI data, the ICN6211 configuration that sets the TTL resolution and sync, and the SPI config. that's a lot of variables! we're going to back up and just make sure the SPI init is good - to do that we use the ST7701 datasheet to find the 'all pixels on' command. by sending this at the end of the init string and seeing all white display we know that at least that part of the configuration is working, then we can work back and get the ICN6211 test colorbars and finally work all the way back to the DTO setting. display work is really hard but this is something we've done many many times so we are used to juggling so many configs. what really helps a ton is having a known good setup using the ESP32-S3 Qualia, so we are really glad we got that working first

[boegy]

This is an awesome guide and I want to add a few of my personal choices to it and provide more resources.

Note: I am, by no means, an expert.

Disclaimer: Some of the suggestions below may be missing features you are used to. It's free, roll with it. 😎

Level 1:

Another browser extension you should know about is LibRedirect. With it, you can pass links over to alternative sites to view the content. Be aware that the majority of the alternative sites are run by volunteers and enthusiasts; they don't always work 🙁 Small note: The name "Libre" gets used a lot by privacy-respecting and open source alternatives where previously they might have used "Free" or "Open".

Level 2:

Adobe Alternatives DuckDuckGo uses Bing for results, I also use StartPage for Google results. There is a desktop app for watching Youtube content called FreeTube that I recommend. It's a front-end for YouTube and Invidious servers (which re-stream YouTube content).

Level 3:

AdGuard is fine but if you are setting up a Raspberry Pi anyway, consider Pi-hole as an alternative option.

Level 4:

If, for some strange reason, you disregard the above guide and think that putting AdGuard on your phone is a reasonable alternative to the suggestions here, I would suggest that you DON'T. It may be different now but when I tried it the Android app it asked me to install a certificate. It does this so that it can modify websites you visit to block more ads. The downside is that it also allows them to read everything that would normally be encrypted. They may not be doing anything nefarious with it, but it's a risk I'm not taking. So, if a third-party you don't trust asks you to install a certificate, DON'T.

Level 5:

Awesome Piracy If you don't want to sign up for usenet and prefer to use torrents, get a good VPN and lock the torrent client down to only use the VPN connection. There are torrent tests you can do to see if your IP is exposed. In your VPN client, pick a country where copyright isn't a word! 😉

Level 6:

In addition to ReVanced, I want to also promote the app NewPipe which can be downloaded from the F-Droid store. F-Droid is an app store for your Android phone that hosts open-source apps and tells you every dirty detail of what each app does, privacy-wise. NewPipe is a YouTube alternative/Invidious front-end for Android.

Level 7:

Custom Windows playbooks are awesome and while I don't know Revi very well, but I will definitely check it out! Just browsing the docs I noticed that they default to the Brave browser. This is a personal opinion but I don't trust Brave as much as open-source alternatives. They have tried some interesting attempts at monetization in the past that make me suspect. Use the browser you are comfortable with instead and use a well-known, good adblock like uBlock Origin or uBlock Origin Lite. In addition to Firefox and its derivatives there is also Chromium and Ungoogled-Chromium if you want something familiar to Chrome.

Level 8:

Seriously, use Linux if you can (and if you do, make backups of your important files first!). Ignore Linux users that tell you to use Arch or an Arch derivative, it's not for beginners. When stuff breaks you just have to figure it out. Ubuntu, Mint, and Pop! are great for beginners but if you play games they may not be the most up-to-date for that. (Pop is especially behind at the moment 😭 but I'm hoping that changes soon) I personally use Fedora which is also great for beginners, is very up-to-date, and never gives me problems. However it does require one post-install setup step to replace the media codecs with "non-free" ones to make some media playback situations work. Other than that, it works so well that I actually find it boring compared to the usual amount of tinkering I'm used to! Fedora has two notable derivatives: Nobara, which is slightly tweaked for improved gaming performance and includes the media tweaks, and Bazzite which is similar to SteamOS but for general hardware (it's for gaming-specific setups like handhelds and living room gaming where you need a controller-focused interface).

Level ???:

You can host your own websites (webapps) made by others! I fell down this rabbit hole after Google killed Reader and I found self-hosted RSS alternatives. Later, I set up Docker and now I run dozens of useful webapps for all sorts of things! Try stuff out!

Hopefully this is helpful to someone. Feel free to ask me general questions about any of the above. If you have setup questions or technical issues, please contact the creators of the above projects first, as I can't cover everything everywhere. I try to, though! 😂

In case anyone is curious, I'm a software developer (mostly in web development) with a lot of general IT skills and troubleshooting experience and I spend a lot of my time tinkering with Linux, FreeBSD, self-hosted apps, open-source software, and supporting Windows systems that are all over the place. I have experience going back to MS-DOS, using Linux since the late 90's and have been running Linux as my primary system for over 5 years now (since Valve released Proton).

Thanks for reading!

genuinely wild to me when I go to someone's house and we watch TV or listen to music or something and there are ads. I haven't seen an ad in my home since 2005. what do you mean you haven't set up multiple layers of digital infrastructure to banish corporate messaging to oblivion before it manifests? listen, this is important. this is the 21st century version of carving sigils on the wall to deny entry to demons or wearing bells to ward off the Unseelie. come on give me your router admin password and I'll show you how to cast a protective spell of Get Thee Tae Fuck, Capital

[tamara-kama]

My Options for MK4 at the moment

Raspberry Pi 4, MAME: Runs terribly, glitchy and slow.. speed seems 50% and a lot of the textures and transparency effects don't render correctly.

MK Gold, Dreamcast, Raspberry Pi 4, Flycast: A lot better in visuals and performance.. seems 100% and looks a lot smoother in appearance

I'm terrible at the game on that setup though because the best controller I have for it are either an xbox control or 8bitdo Neo Geo joypad and I am too used to the original arcade controls to a huge degree.. no console controls will do for me..

Also, the home console MK4 versions are always an option and would definitely run well but their polygon counts are much lower than the arcade or Dreamcast MKG versions.

The big crime was the PC version which didn't take advantage of the 3D hardware on there at the time and where just the same as N64 and PS1. They just made one version of MK4 for the home and ported it across three platforms. But the PC was at least as powerful as the DC at the time if not more.

Even my Pentium 133Mhz with 3DFx Voodoo 1 graphics card could have done a 1:1 home version of MK4 at the time if it was ported like the DC version was when they made MK Gold.

The following year I got me a Pentium II system with a Voodoo 2 graphics card and that especially could have done it but they didn't bring MK Gold to the PC at the time. They should have so it wouldn't just be limited to the Dreamcast which wasn't as successful as hoped at the time.

[technoschool]

How to Set Up a Cutting-Edge Robotics Lab in Your School

Technology is reshaping the world we live in—and education must evolve to prepare students for this transformation. Robotics is no longer a futuristic concept confined to labs and industries; it has entered classrooms as an essential component of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education.

A well-designed robotics lab provides students with hands-on experience in coding, electronics, design thinking, and innovation. It fosters curiosity, nurtures creativity, and develops critical life skills like collaboration, communication, and problem-solving.

If you're looking to introduce this dynamic learning environment into your school, here’s a step-by-step guide to help you set up a cutting-edge robotics lab that inspires and empowers students.

1. Understand the Vision and Learning Goals

Before investing in equipment or designing your lab, clearly define the educational goals you want to achieve. Is your objective to integrate robotics with the curriculum? Or are you aiming to build extracurricular interest and club activities?

Knowing your goals helps determine the kind of space you’ll need, the age groups you're targeting, and the tools and curriculum required. This clarity will also guide funding proposals and stakeholder communication.

2. Choose the Right Location and Layout

Robotics labs require thoughtful design to support collaboration and safety. Choose a room that is spacious, well-lit, and well-ventilated. Flexibility is key—opt for movable furniture that allows students to work in groups or on solo projects.

Ensure there are plenty of electrical outlets, Wi-Fi access, and dedicated areas for storing robotics kits, laptops, tools, and student projects. Proper planning at this stage lays a strong foundation for an efficient Robotics Lab setup in school that runs smoothly throughout the academic year.

3. Select Age-Appropriate Robotics Kits

The tools you provide should align with the age and skill level of your students. For primary school students, kits like LEGO® Education or Makeblock introduce robotics through block-based programming and colorful components. Older students can transition to platforms like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or VEX that involve text-based coding and more complex engineering challenges.

Choose kits that allow room for experimentation and growth. Modularity is important so students can advance from simple builds to complex, multi-sensor robots.

This is especially important when designing a Robotic lab for kids, where the right balance of learning and play ensures engagement and deeper understanding.

4. Integrate a Structured Curriculum

A robotics lab must go beyond experimentation—it should be tied to learning outcomes. Select or develop a curriculum that teaches foundational concepts in electronics, mechanical design, and programming. It should also include real-world applications to help students connect what they build to how things work outside the classroom.

Some vendors offer ready-made lesson plans that align with national or state educational standards. Others provide teacher training, evaluation tools, and long-term learning paths.

Professional development for educators is critical. Teachers should feel confident not just in operating kits, but in guiding students through challenges, failures, and breakthroughs.

5. Equip the Lab with the Right Tools

In addition to robotics kits, your lab should include essential equipment to enhance learning:

Laptops or tablets with the required software

Internet access for cloud-based platforms or updates

Projectors or smartboards for demonstrations

Hand tools like screwdrivers, pliers, and safety gear

Storage for parts, tools, and student work

Optional additions like 3D printers, soldering kits, and digital multimeters can take your lab to the next level. These tools help students design and test more sophisticated robotic systems, encouraging deeper innovation.

6. Focus on Project-Based Learning

Hands-on projects are the heartbeat of a successful robotics program. Encourage students to identify problems, brainstorm solutions, build prototypes, and improve their designs through testing and feedback.

Assign real-world challenges such as building an obstacle-avoiding robot or creating a robotic arm. This kind of learning promotes persistence, teamwork, and ownership of the learning process.

Incorporate reflection activities where students present their work, discuss failures, and explain how they arrived at their solutions. These experiences build confidence and communication skills.

7. Create a Culture of Innovation and Inclusion

A great robotics lab isn't just about equipment—it’s about culture. Make it an inclusive, welcoming environment where all students feel encouraged to explore, experiment, and ask questions. Offer mentorship opportunities, host peer-learning sessions, and highlight diverse role models in STEM.

Celebrating both effort and achievement motivates students and fosters resilience. Students who might struggle in traditional classroom settings often thrive in this active, hands-on environment.

Building a culture of innovation starts with leadership—when teachers and administrators support creativity and calculated risk-taking, students are more likely to do the same.

8. Encourage Participation in Robotics Competitions

One of the best ways to take your robotics program to the next level is to involve students in local, national, or international competitions. Events like FIRST LEGO League, Robofest, and World Robot Olympiad give students a platform to test their skills, collaborate with peers, and learn from others.

These competitions often provide guidelines that schools can follow to align their programs. Preparing for them also sharpens technical skills and promotes teamwork and time management.

Use internal school competitions as stepping stones, gradually preparing students for larger stages.

9. Plan for Maintenance and Sustainability

A robotics lab isn’t a one-time setup—it’s an ongoing commitment. Plan for maintenance, software updates, and replacement of consumable parts. Train students in lab etiquette and equipment handling to foster responsibility.

Create a system to track inventory and restock essentials in a timely manner. Encourage students to be part of lab management through designated roles or rotating responsibilities.

If you want your Robotics lab in your school to thrive long-term, seek community partnerships, apply for educational grants, and showcase student success to attract ongoing support.

Final Thoughts

Establishing a cutting-edge robotics lab is one of the most impactful investments a school can make in its students’ futures. It’s not just about technology—it’s about fostering innovation, curiosity, and problem-solving skills that will last a lifetime.

By combining the right tools, a clear vision, and a supportive culture, schools can create dynamic learning spaces where students don’t just learn about the future—they build it.

[fromdevcom]

Big Screen Fun: The Ultimate Guide to Connecting Your Raspberry Pi to a Projector in 2025 In 2025, the humble Raspberry Pi continues to punch above its weight, offering incredible versatility at an affordable price. Whether you're building a home theater, running a presentation, creating a digital art installation, or indulging in retro gaming, connecting your Raspberry Pi to a projector is an excellent way to bring your ideas to life on the big screen. With a variety of Raspberry Pi models on the market — including the powerful Raspberry Pi 5, the compact Pi Zero 2 W, and the reliable Pi 4 — understanding their video output capabilities is the first step toward a smooth setup. This comprehensive guide will walk you through how to connect a Raspberry Pi to a projector in 2025, covering everything from cable choices to resolution tweaks and troubleshooting. Understanding Raspberry Pi Video Output Before connecting to a projector, it’s essential to know your Pi’s video output ports: Raspberry Pi ModelVideo OutputNotesPi 52× Micro-HDMISupports up to 4K @ 60HzPi 42× Micro-HDMISupports dual displaysPi 3, 2, B+Full-size HDMI1080p @ 60HzPi Zero / Zero 2 WMini-HDMI1080p capableAll ModelsComposite via GPIO or AV jackFor analog displays Key points: HDMI is the preferred output for modern projectors. Micro-HDMI and Mini-HDMI require adapter cables to convert to full-size HDMI. Supported resolutions range from 480p to 4K, depending on model and projector compatibility. Make sure you have the correct video cable or HDMI adapter for your specific Raspberry Pi model and projector. Connecting Your Raspberry Pi to a Projector: Step-by-Step Guide 1. Physical Connection Step 1: Identify Ports On your Raspberry Pi, locate the correct video output: Pi 4/5: Micro-HDMI (use Micro-HDMI to HDMI cable) Pi 3: Full-size HDMI Pi Zero: Mini-HDMI (use Mini-HDMI to HDMI cable) On your projector, find the HDMI or VGA input port. Most modern projectors have HDMI; older ones may only support VGA. Step 2: Choose the Right Cable HDMI to HDMI: Best option for digital projectors. Micro-HDMI to HDMI: Required for Pi 4/5. HDMI to VGA: Requires active adapter (with power via USB). Step 3: Connect While Powered Off Turn off both the Raspberry Pi and the projector. Connect the video cable securely between the two devices. 2. Powering On Power on the projector first to allow it to initialize. Then power on the Raspberry Pi by plugging in the power supply. 3. Select the Correct Projector Input Use the projector's remote or onboard controls to choose the correct input source: Common options include: HDMI1, HDMI2, VGA, or AV. Wait a few seconds — the Pi should auto-detect the projector and display the desktop or boot screen. 4. Raspberry Pi Display Configuration (if needed) In most cases, the Pi will auto-adjust the output to match the projector’s resolution. If you experience black screens, resolution mismatches, or cropped images, manual configuration is required. Option 1: Using raspi-config Open a terminal: bashCopyEditsudo raspi-config Navigate to: Display Options > Resolution Choose a compatible resolution (e.g., 1920×1080, 1280×720) Finish and reboot. Option 2: Manually Edit config.txt Open the configuration file: bashCopyEditsudo nano /boot/config.txt Add or edit the following lines: iniCopyEdithdmi_force_hotplug=1 hdmi_group=2 # 2 = DMT (for monitors/projectors) hdmi_mode=82 # 82 = 1080p @ 60Hz Other useful options: iniCopyEdithdmi_drive=2 # Enables HDMI audio disable_overscan=1 # Removes black borders Save and reboot: bashCopyEditsudo reboot For a full list of hdmi_mode values, refer to the Raspberry Pi video documentation. 5. Adjust Projector Settings Use the projector’s focus ring, keystone correction, and zoom features to align and sharpen the image. For digital projectors, this may also be handled via the settings menu.

Common Issues and Troubleshooting 1. No Signal Check that cables are firmly connected. Verify that both devices are powered on. Confirm the projector input source is correct. Try a different HDMI cable or port. Force HDMI detection using hdmi_force_hotplug=1. 2. Incorrect Resolution or Aspect Ratio Use raspi-config or edit config.txt to manually select resolution. Adjust the aspect ratio settings on the projector (e.g., 16:9 or Auto). 3. Flickering or Distorted Image Use a high-quality HDMI cable. Ensure the Raspberry Pi has a 5V/3A power supply. Avoid long HDMI cables (keep under 6 ft if possible). 4. No Sound via HDMI Enable HDMI audio in the config: iniCopyEdithdmi_drive=2 Set audio output to HDMI via: bashCopyEditsudo raspi-config Navigate to Advanced Options > Audio > HDMI. Check if the projector has internal speakers or external audio support. 5. Projector Doesn’t Detect Pi Reboot both devices. Confirm hdmi_force_hotplug=1 is set. Check if the cable or adapter is faulty. Optimizing Your Raspberry Pi for Projector Use 1. Choose the Right Pi Model Raspberry Pi 5/4: Ideal for 4K video, gaming, or media centers. Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W: Great for lightweight slideshow or digital signage. Older Models: Suitable for presentations or basic playback. 2. Use a Stable Power Supply An underpowered Pi can cause display flickering or boot failures. 3. Install Useful Software VLC or Kodi for media playback. LibreOffice Impress for presentations. RetroPie for classic games. 4. Use Wireless Peripherals A Bluetooth or RF keyboard/mouse setup makes controlling the Pi from a distance easier. 5. Manage Cables Use Velcro ties or cable organizers to reduce clutter and prevent accidental disconnections. Conclusion Connecting your Raspberry Pi to a projector in 2025 is easier than ever, thanks to improved video output capabilities, software support, and plug-and-play compatibility. Whether you're using it for education, entertainment, or creative expression, this setup opens up a world of big-screen possibilities at a low cost. With the right cable, basic configuration, and a few tweaks, your Raspberry Pi can deliver stunning visuals through any compatible projector. So power up your Pi, plug in your projector, and explore the vast potential of your DIY home cinema, digital dashboard, or interactive presentation system. Ready to level up your Raspberry Pi experience? Try it with Kodi, set up RetroPie, or even build a wireless media streamer — the only limit is your imagination!

[elmalo8291]

Elmalo, let's commit to that direction. We'll start with a robust Sensor Fusion Layer Prototype that forms the nervous system of Iron Spine, enabling tangible, live data connectivity from the field into the AI's processing core. Below is a detailed technical blueprint that outlines the approach, components, and future integrability with your Empathic AI Core.

1. Hardware Selection

Edge Devices:

Primary Platform: NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier or Nano for on-site processing. Their GPU acceleration is perfect for real-time preprocessing and running early fusion algorithms.

Supplementary Controllers: Raspberry Pi Compute Modules or Arduino-based microcontrollers to gather data from specific sensors when cost or miniaturization is critical.

Sensor Modalities:

Environmental Sensors: Radiation detectors, pressure sensors, temperature/humidity sensors—critical for extreme environments (space, deep sea, underground).

Motion & Optical Sensors: Insect-inspired motion sensors, high-resolution cameras, and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to capture detailed movement and orientation.

Acoustic & RF Sensors: Microphones, sonar, and RF sensors for detecting vibrational, audio, or electromagnetic signals.

2. Software Stack and Data Flow Pipeline

Data Ingestion:

Frameworks: Utilize Apache Kafka or Apache NiFi to build a robust, scalable data pipeline that can handle streaming sensor data in real time.

Protocol: MQTT or LoRaWAN can serve as the communication backbone in environments where connectivity is intermittent or bandwidth-constrained.

Data Preprocessing & Filtering:

Edge Analytics: Develop tailored algorithms that run on your edge devices—leveraging NVIDIA’s TensorRT for accelerated inference—to filter raw inputs and perform preliminary sensor fusion.

Fusion Algorithms: Employ Kalman or Particle Filters to synthesize multiple sensor streams into actionable readings.

Data Abstraction Layer:

API Endpoints: Create modular interfaces that transform fused sensor data into abstracted, standardized feeds for higher-level consumption by the AI core later.

Middleware: Consider microservices that handle data routing, error correction, and redundancy mechanisms to ensure data integrity under harsh conditions.

3. Infrastructure Deployment Map

4. Future Hooks for Empathic AI Core Integration

API-Driven Design: The sensor fusion module will produce standardized, real-time data feeds. These endpoints will act as the bridge to plug in your Empathic AI Core whenever you’re ready to evolve the “soul” of Iron Spine.

Modular Data Abstraction: Build abstraction layers that allow easy mapping of raw sensor data into higher-level representations—ideal for feeding into predictive, decision-making models later.

Feedback Mechanisms: Implement logging and event-based triggers from the sensor fusion system to continuously improve both hardware and AI components based on real-world performance and environmental nuance.

5. Roadmap and Next Steps

Design & Prototype:

Define the hardware specifications for edge devices and sensor modules.

Develop a small-scale sensor hub integrating a few key sensor types (e.g., motion + environmental).

Data Pipeline Setup:

Set up your data ingestion framework (e.g., Apache Kafka cluster).

Prototype and evaluate basic preprocessing and fusion algorithms on your chosen edge device.

Field Testing:

Deploy the prototype in a controlled environment similar to your target extremes (e.g., a pressure chamber, simulated low-gravity environment).

Refine data accuracy and real-time performance based on initial feedback.

Integration Preparation:

Build standardized API interfaces for future connection with the Empathic AI Core.

Document system architecture to ensure a smooth handoff between the hardware-first and AI-core teams.

Elmalo, this blueprint establishes a tangible, modular system that grounds Iron Spine in reality. It not only demonstrates your vision but also builds the foundational “nervous system” that your emergent, empathic AI will later use to perceive and interact with its environment.

Does this detailed roadmap align with your vision? Would you like to dive further into any individual section—perhaps starting with hardware specifications, software configuration, or the integration strategy for the future AI core?

[uwteam]

28 marca 2025

◢ #unknownews ◣

Zapraszam do lektury dzisiejszego zestawienia.

Dziś po ponad 2 latach przerwy rusza sprzedaż szkolenia ze scrapowania danych organizowanego przez "Informatyka Zakładowego". Rzuć okiem na agendę i przykładową lekcję. Koniecznie zobacz też bardzo nietypową cenę szkolenia.

1) Domowe studio nagraniowe i biuro w jednym – jak to zorganizować? https://michael.team/office25/ INFO: Szef firmy Nozbe, "od zawsze" pracujący zdalnie, z domu, prezentuje swoje biuro i studio nagraniowe w jednym. Jak zorganizował swoje stanowisko pracy, oświetlenie, setup do wideokonferencji itp. Sporo drobnych, ale i inspirujących usprawnień, które mogą ułatwić Ci życie, jeśli także pracujesz z domu. Warto podążać za linkami do kolejnych artykułów, ponieważ rozbudowują one niektóre ze wspomnianych tematów (np. dokładniejszy opis setupu do nagrań wideo czy podcastów).

2) Stacja pogodowa IoT oparta na Raspberry Pi Pico (film, 17 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swiEMNu57ig INFO: Autor zbudował własną stację pogodową, wykorzystując wspomniany mikrokontroler, różne czujniki oraz elementy wydrukowane na drukarce 3D. Dane pogodowe są przesyłane do internetu i wizualizowane na stronie WWW. Film pokazuje proces budowy, wybór podzespołów oraz wyzwania związane z takim projektem. Jeśli interesują Cię projekty 'zrób to sam', to warto także rzucić okiem na inne filmy na kanale.

3) 5 najtrudniejszych typów pracowników i jak sobie z nimi radzić https://newsletter.canopy.is/p/the-5-most-difficult-employees-and INFO: Jeśli jesteś menadżerem, to wcześniej czy później spotkasz się z wyjątkowo trudnymi pracownikami, którzy mogą być niemałym wyzwaniem dla Ciebie i dla całego zespołu. Autorka tego wpisu opisuje pięć typowych archetypów trudnych pracowników, takich jak 'kulturowy filar' opierający się zmianom czy 'pasożytniczy geniusz', który osiąga świetne wyniki kosztem relacji w zespole. W artykule znajdziesz konkretne porady, które pomagają skutecznie zarządzać takimi osobami, minimalizując ich negatywny wpływ na firmę i pomagając im lepiej funkcjonować w organizacji.

4) Jak Google podchodzi do inżynierii oprogramowania – kluczowe zasady i praktyki https://addyo.substack.com/p/applied-software-engineering-at-google INFO: Google dostosowało swoje praktyki inżynieryjne do pracy na ogromną skalę, ale wiele z nich można dostosować do potrzeb dowolnej organizacji. Artykuł przedstawia najważniejsze zasady opisane w książce "Software Engineering at Google", takie jak kultura testowania, skuteczna weryfikacja kodu, dokumentacja techniczna, dzielenie się wiedzą, zarządzanie zależnościami czy zasady wdrażania zmian. To nie poradnik kopiowania Google, ale przewodnik po tym, dlaczego ich metody działają i jak można je dostosować do własnych potrzeb. W pierwszym akapicie znajdziesz link do pełnej (darmowej) wersji książki, na której bazuje ten wpis.

5) Kupuj produkty od europejskich firm — katalog i wyszukiwarka https://www.goeuropean.org/ INFO: Masz ochotę korzystać z aplikacji XYZ, ale niestety zbudowana jest ona w USA i nie za bardzo spełnia unijne regulacje, których wymaga Twoja firma. Użyj wyszukiwarki na tej stronie i zdefiniuj, czego potrzebujesz, a szybko dowiesz się, czy istnieje jakiś europejski odpowiednik tego, czego szukasz. Z ciekawości możesz kliknąć opcję "Digital" i ustawić kraj pochodzenia produktu na "Poland". Być może poznasz w ten sposób kilka ciekawych produktów (jest tam Albicla!).

6) Sztuczne światło słoneczne z LED-ów? - projekt DIY https://victorpoughon.fr/i-tried-making-artificial-sunlight-at-home/ INFO: Autor projektuje i buduje własną wersję domowego źródła światła imitującego słońce, opierając ją nie na dużym reflektorze parabolicznym, a na siatce małych soczewek i LED-ów wysokiej jakości. Ciekawe i użyteczne np. w świecie fotografii rozwiązanie. Może zainteresować majsterkowiczów i fanów elektroniki.

7) Szkolenie z automatyzacji pobierania danych z internetu [sponsorowane] https://www.scrapowanie.pl/ INFO: Poznaj sposoby na efektywne scrapowanie danych z sieci, najczęstsze problemy występujące podczas parsowania plików oraz metody wykrywania wąskich gardeł spowalniających przetwarzanie danych. W skład szkolenia wchodzi opis użycia kilkudziesięciu przydatnych narzędzi oraz zapis rozmowy z prawnikiem o legalności scrapowania. Szkolenie jest dla Ciebie, jeśli jesteś programistą odpowiedzialnym za automatyzację procesu przetwarzania danych, analitykiem znużonym regularnym pobieraniem i ręczną obróbką plików albo ekonomistą agregującym raporty z różnych źródeł.

8) Skąd biorą się nazwy grup APT? Przegląd systemów nazewnictwa https://blog.cyberalerts.io/coming-soon/ INFO: Czy grupy przestępcze, takie jak Lazarus, Fancy Bear czy APT42, zanim zaczną okradać ludzi online, organizują spotkanie i debatują, jak się mają nazywać? Niekoniecznie ;) Za nazwy takich grup odpowiadają różne firmy zajmujące się analizą zagrożeń — każda z nich stosuje własne konwencje, przez co ta sama grupa może mieć nawet kilkanaście różnych pseudonimów. W artykule prześledzono przykłady nazw przypisanych słynnej grupie Lazarus oraz opisano systemy nazewnictwa stosowane m.in. przez CrowdStrike (zwierzęta), Mandiant (APT+numer, UNC) czy Microsoft (pogoda i kolor).

9) Content-visibility: auto – klucz do szybszego renderowania stron? https://cekrem.github.io/posts/content-visibility-auto-performance/ INFO: Wspomniana właściwość pozwala przeglądarce pomijać renderowanie elementów niewidocznych w widoku użytkownika, co znacząco poprawia szybkość działania i renderowania strony. Dzięki temu rozwiązaniu można łatwo optymalizować długie listy, tabele czy interfejsy o dużej liczbie elementów, minimalizując jednocześnie przesunięcia układu poprzez użycie właściwości contain-intrinsic-size. Funkcja ta jest bardzo dobrze wspierana w każdej nowoczesnej przeglądarce (pomińmy mały bug na Safari, bo ono zawsze jest dziwne), więc może warto jej się dokładniej przyjrzeć i zacząć z niej korzystać?

10) Jak działają benchmarki LLM i co naprawdę sprawdzają? (film, 18m) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHlYp5llKFc INFO: Benchmarki AI stały się kluczowym narzędziem do oceny dużych modeli językowych. W tym filmie omówiono najważniejsze z nich: GLUE, SuperGLUE, MMLU, GPQA, TAU-Bench oraz SWE Bench Verified. Jakie zadania sprawdzają, na czym polegają różnice między nimi i dlaczego niektóre modele osiągają wysoki wynik tylko na papierze? Niektóre z testów są naprawdę ciekawe. Rzuć okiem.

11) AI jako członek zespołu? – eksperyment w Procter & Gamble https://www.oneusefulthing.org/p/the-cybernetic-teammate INFO: Czy sztuczna inteligencja może skutecznie zastąpić ludzkiego współpracownika w pracy zespołowej? Eksperyment przeprowadzony na 776 profesjonalistach we wspomnianej firmie pokazuje, że AI może nie tylko wyrównać poziom wyników między indywidualnymi pracownikami, ale także zmniejszyć granicę specjalizacji wiedzy. Co ciekawe, wyniki sugerują, że AI nie jest tylko narzędziem zwiększającym produktywność, ale może też pełnić funkcję wspierającego członka zespołu, wpływając przy tym na te bardziej miękkie aspekty współpracy w zespole.

12) GPT-4o zyskał nowy generator obrazów — jest zaskakująco dobry https://openai.com/index/introducing-4o-image-generation/ INFO: Do tej pory ChatGPT, chcąc wygenerować grafikę, posługiwał się modelem DALL-E, który (mówiąc bardzo delikatnie) mocno odbiegał od standardów rynkowych wśród generatorów grafiki. Obecnie model ma możliwość nie tylko tworzenia nowych grafik, ale także przerabiania tych już istniejących i, co ciekawe, robi to naprawdę dobrze. Nowe możliwości nie są jeszcze oficjalnie dostępne przez API, ale użytkownicy interfejsu webowego mogą już z tej funkcji korzystać.

13) GPSTracker - alternatywa open-source dla historii lokalizacji Google Maps https://blog.fabiomanganiello.com/article/gpstracker-a-self-hosted-alternative-to-google-maps-timeline INFO: Śledzenie lokalizacji w Google Maps to bardzo wygodna funkcja, jednak niekoniecznie wspiera ona Twoją prywatność. Twoja codzienna lokalizacja wysyłana jest na serwery zewnętrznej firmy, co może nie być Ci na rękę. Jak w takim razie korzystać z podobnej funkcjonalności, ale w wersji self-hosted? GPSTracker to narzędzie pozwalające na zapis i analizę historii lokalizacji na Twoim serwerze. W artykule znajdziesz pełen opis techniczny tego rozwiązania.

14) Jak w 1995 roku tworzono strony internetowe na GeoCities https://cybercultural.com/p/geocities-1995/ INFO: GeoCities, wcześniej znane jako Beverly Hills Internet, zrewolucjonizowało webdesign lat 90., ułatwiając zwykłym użytkownikom tworzenie własnych stron WWW. Dzięki podziałowi na tematyczne "cyber miasta" i prostemu generatorowi stron serwis umożliwiał masowe tworzenie treści w sieci, przyciągając tysiące użytkowników. Pomimo technicznych ograniczeń i dość szablonowego wyglądu, GeoCities zdobyło serca użytkowników i stało się nieodłącznym elementem historii internetu. Artykuł dla wielbicieli nostalgicznych technologii.

15) Jak Discord przyspieszył swoją aplikację mobilną na Androidzie https://discord.com/blog/supercharging-discord-mobile-our-journey-to-a-faster-app? INFO: Discord przeszedł na React Native dla wersji androidowej, co początkowo wiązało się z wyzwaniami wydajnościowymi, ale dzięki optymalizacjom udało się znacząco skrócić czas uruchamiania aplikacji i poprawić płynność działania interfejsu. Co konkretnie zmienili i z jakimi wyzwaniami wydajnościowymi spotkali się programiści, tego dowiesz się z artykułu. Użyteczne, jeśli tworzysz oprogramowanie na Androida.

16) Czym są błędy i tolerancja błędów w systemach rozproszonych? https://newsletter.scalablethread.com/p/understanding-faults-and-fault-tolerance INFO: Systemy rozproszone muszą radzić sobie z różnymi typami awarii, takimi jak błędy sprzętowe, sieciowe czy ludzkie. Aby zapewnić niezawodność, stosuje się techniki takie jak replikacja aktywna i pasywna, wykrywanie błędów poprzez heartbeaty czy strategie odzyskiwania, np. checkpointing i circuit breakers. Artykuł wyjaśnia, jak działają wspomniane mechanizmy i dlaczego są tak ważne dla zapewnienia ciągłości działania systemu.

17) Docker Hub wprowadza limity pulli – co to oznacza dla GitLab CI/CD? https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2025/03/24/prepare-now-docker-hub-rate-limits-will-impact-gitlab-ci-cd/ INFO: Docker Hub już 1 kwietnia zacznie egzekwować długo zapowiadane limity dla operacji PULL. Jeśli wykorzystujesz GitLaba do automatyzacji CI/CD, to istnieje ogromna szansa, że Twój pipeline przestanie działać. Z artykułu dowiesz się, co możesz zrobić, aby niskim (lub zerowym) kosztem sprawić, aby Twoje automatyzacje nadal działały tak jak dotychczas.

18) GPTBot skanuje internet? – jak OpenAI wpływa na przyszłość wyszukiwania https://dadalo.pl/tech/gptbot-skanuje-internet-zmiana-konsumpcji-tresci-przyszlosc-wyszukiwania/ INFO: OpenAI intensyfikuje indeksowanie sieci za pomocą swojego bota. Szykuje się jakaś większa zmiana? Analiza logów serwerowych pokazuje, że boty OpenAI koncentrują się na stronach WordPress i innych popularnych platformach, a ich celem może być implementacja bezpośredniego cytowania źródeł w odpowiedziach ChatGPT. W artykule znajdziesz między innymi porady dotyczące zarządzania dostępem do swojej strony oraz przewidywania dotyczące wpływu AI na przyszłość SEO.

19) Przydatne wzorce projektowe w PostgreSQL, które ułatwiają życie https://mccue.dev/pages/3-11-25-life-altering-postgresql-patterns?= INFO: Zbiór praktycznych wzorców i dobrych praktyk w PostgreSQL, które mogą znacząco poprawić jakość pracy z bazą danych. Autor omawia m.in. zastosowanie UUID jako kluczy głównych, wykorzystywanie pól timestamp do śledzenia zmian w rekordach, użycie przestrzeni nazw (schemas), a także wzorzec soft delete oraz przechowywanie statusów w formie logów. Każde z tych rozwiązań może z pozoru wydawać się drobne, ale ich zbiorcze zastosowanie w projekcie może dać zauważalne korzyści.

20) GPT-5 — co wiemy o nowym modelu OpenAI https://www.chatbase.co/blog/gpt-5 INFO: Nowy model ma przynieść znaczące ulepszenia w zakresie rozumowania, multimodalności (tekst, obraz, audio, wideo) oraz personalizacji, choć nie będzie to jeszcze poziom AGI. Według przewidywań jego premiera odbędzie się już w tym roku. Artykuł jest z lutego tego roku, więc niektóre z przewidywań (np. publikacja GPT-4.5) mamy już za sobą.

21) Nie używaj fałszywych pogrubień i kursywy w social mediach https://adrianroselli.com/2025/03/dont-use-fake-bold-or-italic-in-social-media.html INFO: Większość sieci społecznościowych nie posiada natywnego wsparcia dla formatowania tekstu, ale istnieją serwisy, które takie wsparcie mogą niejako dodać. Tak naprawdę zmieniają one klasyczne znaki na symbole Unicode, które te znaki przypominają. Problem w tym, że dla ludzkiego oka różnica jest niewielka (po prostu tekst jest grubszy lub pochylony), ale z punktu widzenia semantycznego to jest już zupełnie inny tekst. Utrudnia to wyszukiwanie informacji, zmniejsza zasięg wpisów w social mediach, ale dochodzi do tego jeszcze jeden aspekt, o którym nie myśli się za często. Mowa o dostępności takich wpisów dla osób z ograniczeniami wzroku, które przy codziennej pracy posługują się czytnikami ekranu. Zobacz (a właściwie to "posłuchaj"), jak tak sformatowane wpisy odczytywane są przez automaty.

22) Programowalny zasilacz na USB-C? - tak, to możliwe! (film, 12m) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kcmpGbR6xZc INFO: USB-C potrafi więcej, niż się wydaje. Standard PPS (Programmable Power Supply) pozwala na precyzyjne sterowanie napięciem i natężeniem prądu, zmieniając zwykłą ładowarkę USB-C w regulowane źródło zasilania. Film wyjaśnia, jak to działa, jakie układy scalone to umożliwiają oraz jak używać gotowych płytek do testowania tej technologii. Jest też ciekawy test wykorzystania PPS do ładowania akumulatora LiPo i porównanie z klasycznym zasilaniem USB-PD. Świetny materiał dla majsterkowiczów.

23) Unia Europejska zakazuje wybranych systemów sztucznej inteligencji https://homodigital.pl/zakazane-systemy-ai-sztucznej-inteligencji-ai-act/ INFO: AI Act klasyfikuje systemy sztucznej inteligencji według poziomu ryzyka i zakazuje tych, które potencjalnie mogą prowadzić do dyskryminacji, naruszeń prywatności lub manipulacji społeczeństwem. Co znajduje się na liście zakazanych przypadków użyć sztucznej inteligencji? Tego dowiesz się z artykułu.

24) Colormaxxing – jak uzyskać najintensywniejsze kolory w przeglądarce https://karuna.dev/colormaxxing/ INFO: Czy #ff0000 to naprawdę najintensywniejszy czerwony, jaki możesz zobaczyć na ekranie? Okazuje się, że nie – w przestrzeniach kolorów takich jak Display-P3 czy Rec. 2020 można uzyskać jeszcze bardziej nasycone barwy, których nie da się odwzorować w standardowym sRGB. Artykuł wyjaśnia, jak skorzystać z nowych przestrzeni kolorów w CSS oraz pokazuje różnice między klasycznymi a tymi "podkręconymi" kolorami.

25) Jak UE walczy z dezinformacją online? - FIMI i regulacje unijne (film, 30m) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juVnhEu3RbQ INFO: Unia Europejska stara się wypracować standardy walki z dezinformacją i manipulacją online. Czym jest FIMI (Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference) i jakie narzędzia mają pomóc w walce z propagandą? Temat jest ważny, ale także mocno kontrowersyjny. Jeśli jesteś skrajnym eurosceptykiem, warto omijać nagranie szerokim łukiem.

26) Fancy Components - kolekcja gotowych komponentów i mikrointerakcji dla Reacta https://www.fancycomponents.dev/ INFO: Biblioteka oferuje zestaw gotowych do użycia komponentów oraz mikrointerakcji, które mogą wzbogacić interfejs Twojej aplikacji. W dokumentacji znajdziesz przykłady tego, co możesz osiągnąć z tekstem, obrazami i innymi elementami. Całkiem interesująco wygląda np. silnik fizyczny (np. grawitacja), który możesz podpiąć do elementów na stronie.

27) Eksperymentowanie na stronie z document.designMode https://smashingmagazine.com/2025/03/previewing-content-changes-work-documentdesignmode/ INFO: Ta funkcja przeglądarki nie jest szczególnie popularna wśród programistów, jednak może ona w prosty sposób przyspieszyć wizualne eksperymenty na stronie. Chcesz np. wiedzieć, który tytuł będzie lepiej wyglądał, albo jak podzielić tekst artykułu, albo chcesz zrobić prostą makietę, która będzie symulować wypełnienie strony treścią. Wszystko to możesz osiągnąć bez modyfikacji kodu strony. Z artykułu dowiesz się, w jaki sposób możesz wykorzystać "design mode" w codziennej pracy. Być może jako programista nie skorzystasz z tego bardzo, ale możesz nauczyć swoich mniej technicznych współpracowników, jak to wykorzystać na swoją korzyść.

28) Optymalizacja aplikacji Next.js – praktyczny przewodnik https://medium.com/@ignatovich.dm/optimizing-next-js-applications-a-concise-guide-a8167dfc8271 INFO: Artykuł przedstawia zestaw sprawdzonych technik optymalizacji aplikacji Next.js, skupiając się na zmniejszeniu rozmiaru paczek, optymalizacji obrazów, usprawnieniu metod pobierania danych i zarządzania stanem. To praktyczny przewodnik dla każdego, kto chce przyspieszyć swoją aplikację i poprawić jej wyniki w Core Web Vitals. Same konkrety.

29) FBI ostrzega przed fałszywymi konwerterami plików – mogą infekować malware https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/fbi-warnings-are-true-fake-file-converters-do-push-malware/ INFO: Chcesz zamienić np. plik PDF na dokument Worda? No to masz problem, bo przypadkiem możesz natrafić na stronę, która zainfekuje Cię złośliwym oprogramowaniem. Oszuści tworzą strony imitujące legalne usługi do konwersji plików, ale zamiast przekonwertowanego dokumentu otrzymujesz z nich instalator malware.

30) osgint - narzędzie OSINT do wyszukiwania informacji o użytkownikach GitHuba https://github.com/hippiiee/osgint INFO: Prosta aplikacja do pobierania informacji o użytkownikach GitHuba na podstawie nazwy użytkownika lub adresu e-mail. Pozwala uzyskać dane takie jak ID konta, datę utworzenia, liczbę publicznych repozytoriów i gistów, a także ewentualne klucze GPG i SSH. Analizuje publiczne commit'y oraz dane z API GitHuba, aby maksymalnie zwiększyć skuteczność wyszukiwania.

31) Przydatne elementy HTML, które warto znać https://harrisonbroadbent.com/blog/cool-native-html-elements/ INFO: To kolejna porcja ciekawych, natywnych tagów z HTML, które pozwolą Ci uniknąć zbędnych zależności w JavaScript i CSS. Jak projektować okna modalne, akordeony, suwaki z podglądem wartości, paski postępu, itp. To wszystko można osiągnąć w czystym HTML-u.

== LINKI TYLKO DLA PATRONÓW ==

32) Jak hakować AWS - testy penetracyjne chmury dla pentesterów (film, 35m) https://uw7.org/un_b6b35a67ba79c INFO: Poziom złożoności usług na platformie AWS jest imponujący, co otwiera drzwi na nowe wektory ataków, które mogą wykorzystać agresorzy. Z tego krótkiego nagrania dowiesz się, na co warto zwrócić uwagę przy testowaniu zabezpieczeń swojego środowiska i jakich technik obecnie używają atakujący.

33) rozwiązanie pierwszych poziomów w Natas z OverTheWire https://uw7.org/un_064c583eaaee2 INFO: Opis przejścia przez pierwsze pięć poziomów w wyzwaniu Natas na platformie OverTheWire. Seria zadań dotyczących bezpieczeństwa po stronie serwera. Autor omawia wykorzystanie takich technik jak analiza źródła strony, manipulacja nagłówkami HTTP (m.in. Referer), przeszukiwanie struktur katalogów oraz plików konfiguracyjnych, a także użycie Burpa do przechwytywania zapytań. Dobre wprowadzenie do podstaw web security w praktyce, z cennymi wskazówkami nawet dla początkujących.

[iambuildingapicade-blog]

Upgrades, upgrades, upgrades

It has been quite a while since the last update, but yes, PiCade still lives, or should I say lives again? It moved to another town, got our toddler's curiosity and with that at some point buttons stopped working as she found she could flip the power switch on, off, on, off, on, off, etc... so to revive, first step was to install a second main power switch override on top:

After this, I opened up Picade to see what was up. One of the wires actually came loose, so probably unrelated to our little girl's fun time with the pretty switch ;) But now that I opened up PiCade, why not upgrade? I had a Raspberry Pi 4 with RetroPie installed that I used at my then girlfriend's place (now the mother of our daughter and my wife) and found this nice USB pcb board/interface (Dragonrise USB zero delay for those interested) that allows easy connection of buttons and joystick to a Pie. So ordered the USB interface and installed the new Pie:

Retropie is a breeze to install and actually can scrape box art and descriptions of each rom from the web. So shortly after installation PiCade was back and up and running again.

I did need an extra 'hotkey' to be able to exit games in Retropie, so ordered it, installed it at the front of the cabinet and replaced the stickers while I was at it.

After playing around with the new setup, I also realised having the ability to connect USB sticks and/or keyboard for maintenance/adding more roms on the front of the cabinet would be useful, so I also installed a socket at the botttom of the controls part:

This also allows second controllers to be added for multiplayer play. I now have a USB NES, SNES and Megadrive controller to this purpose.

Playing around more, I noticed that in the current setup playing SNES and Megadrive games would only be possible if I added 'shoulder' buttons, so another upgrade was ordered and, due to the simple USB interface, easily installed as well:

Now for the final upgrade, I was browsing around on some arcade-shops and saw buttons that were lit... literally. I remembered that the USB interface also had three 5v connections options, so on my birthday wish list were LED buttons and a daisy chain cable to connect it all. My wish got granted recently and after an evening of tedious fiddling (and rewiring everything again after realising red in this case was NOT the positive lead), this was the wirey mess on the inside:

But look at this final glorious upgrade from the outside:

So, yes PiCade is still alive and better than ever.

[mastersofthearts]

raspberry pi pc

Yes, a Raspberry Pi would indeed work much better than an Arduino for implementing a system where two "computers" are communicating and learning from each other. The Raspberry Pi is a full-fledged single-board computer (SBC), which means it has far greater processing power, memory, and capabilities compared to an Arduino. This makes it much more suitable for complex tasks like data processing, machine learning, and communication between two devices.

Key Differences Between Arduino and Raspberry Pi for This Task:

1. Processing Power:

Arduino: Limited to simple microcontroller tasks (e.g., simple sensors, I/O operations, small control tasks). It has very little computational power and memory (e.g., 2 KB of RAM, 32 KB of flash memory).

Raspberry Pi: Has a powerful CPU, much more memory (e.g., 4 GB or 8 GB of RAM on newer models), and can run a full Linux-based operating system (e.g., Raspberry Pi OS). This makes it suitable for tasks like running machine learning models, more complex algorithms, and networking tasks.

2. Communication:

Arduino: Can communicate using simple protocols like Serial, I2C, or SPI, which are ideal for small-scale, low-speed communication between devices.

Raspberry Pi: Has multiple communication options including Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth, along with more advanced serial protocols. It can communicate over a local network or even the internet, making it ideal for real-time communication between two "computers."

3. Storage and Software:

Arduino: Does not have a storage system other than its limited onboard memory (though you can use SD cards for small amounts of storage). The code running on an Arduino is typically bare-metal (no operating system), and it can only run a single program at a time.

Raspberry Pi: Has access to a large amount of storage (via microSD card or external storage), and runs a full operating system, allowing you to install software libraries, run multiple processes simultaneously, and use advanced tools and frameworks for communication and learning (e.g., TensorFlow, OpenCV, etc.).

4. Machine Learning and Data Processing:

Arduino: You can implement simple algorithms (like decision trees or basic pattern recognition), but it’s not suited for real-time machine learning or complex data analysis.

Raspberry Pi: Can run machine learning models, handle large datasets, and run frameworks like TensorFlow, PyTorch, scikit-learn, etc. This makes it much more capable of "learning" from data, making decisions, and adapting based on feedback.

5. How a Raspberry Pi PC System Could Work Better

Given that Raspberry Pi is a full-fledged computer, you can implement the original idea of two computers communicating and learning from each other in a much more robust way. Here’s how you can achieve that:

Hardware Setup for Raspberry Pi PCs:

Two Raspberry Pi boards (e.g., Raspberry Pi 4, Raspberry Pi 3, or even Raspberry Pi Zero for smaller setups).

Display, keyboard, and mouse for local interaction, or run everything remotely via SSH (headless).

Networking: Use Wi-Fi or Ethernet to connect the two Raspberry Pi boards and enable communication.

Optional: Camera, microphone, sensors, or other input/output devices for more advanced interaction and learning tasks.

Communication Between Raspberry Pi PCs:

You can use several methods for communication between the two Raspberry Pi boards:

TCP/IP Communication: Set up a client-server model, where one Raspberry Pi acts as the server and the other as the client. They can communicate over a local network using sockets.

MQTT: A lightweight messaging protocol suitable for device-to-device communication, commonly used in IoT.

HTTP/REST APIs: You can use a web framework (e.g., Flask, FastAPI) to create APIs on each Raspberry Pi, allowing them to communicate via HTTP requests and responses.

WebSocket: For real-time bidirectional communication, you can use WebSockets.

Software/Frameworks for Machine Learning:

You can install frameworks like TensorFlow, Keras, or scikit-learn on the Raspberry Pi to allow for more advanced learning tasks.

Use Python as the programming language to communicate between the two Pi boards and implement machine learning algorithms.

Raspberry Pi can interact with real-world data (e.g., sensors, cameras, etc.) and learn from it by running algorithms like reinforcement learning, supervised learning, or unsupervised learning.

6. Example Use Case: Two Raspberry Pi PCs Learning from Each Other

Here’s an example scenario where two Raspberry Pi boards communicate and learn from each other using TCP/IP communication and basic machine learning (e.g., reinforcement learning).

Raspberry Pi 1 (PC1): This board makes a decision based on its current state (e.g., it guesses a number or makes a recommendation).

Raspberry Pi 2 (PC2): This board evaluates the decision made by PC1 and sends feedback. PC2 might "reward" or "punish" PC1 based on whether the decision was correct (e.g., in a game or optimization problem).

Feedback Loop: PC1 uses the feedback from PC2 to adjust its behavior and improve its future decisions.

Example Architecture:

PC1 (Raspberry Pi 1):

Makes a guess (e.g., guesses a number or makes a recommendation).

Sends the guess to PC2 via TCP/IP.

Receives feedback from PC2 about the quality of the guess.

Updates its model/behavior based on the feedback.

PC2 (Raspberry Pi 2):

Receives the guess or recommendation from PC1.

Evaluates the guess (e.g., checks if it’s close to the correct answer).

Sends feedback to PC1 (e.g., positive or negative reinforcement).

Basic Python Code for TCP Communication:

On both Raspberry Pis, you can use Python’s socket library to establish a client-server communication:

PC1 (Server) Code:

import socket import random # Create a TCP/IP socket server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) server_socket.bind(('0.0.0.0', 65432)) # Bind to any address, port 65432 server_socket.listen(1) print("PC1: Waiting for connection...") connection, client_address = server_socket.accept() print("PC1: Connected to PC2") while True: # Simulate a decision (e.g., guessing a number) guess = random.randint(1, 100) print(f"PC1: Guessing number {guess}") # Send the guess to PC2 connection.sendall(str(guess).encode()) # Wait for feedback from PC2 feedback = connection.recv(1024).decode() print(f"PC1: Received feedback: {feedback}") # Adjust behavior based on feedback (simple learning mechanism) if feedback == "correct": print("PC1: Correct guess!") else: print("PC1: Incorrect guess, trying again.") # Wait before making another guess time.sleep(2)

PC2 (Client) Code:

import socket # Create a TCP/IP socket client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) client_socket.connect(('PC1_IP_ADDRESS', 65432)) # Connect to PC1 while True: # Receive the guess from PC1 guess = int(client_socket.recv(1024).decode()) print(f"PC2: Received guess {guess}") # Evaluate the guess (simple decision: correct if guess is 50) if guess == 50: feedback = "correct" else: feedback = "incorrect" # Send feedback to PC1 client_socket.sendall(feedback.encode()) print(f"PC2: Sent feedback: {feedback}")

7. Expanding This System

Advanced Communication: If you're looking for real-time interaction, you can explore using WebSockets or MQTT for more efficient, bidirectional communication.

Machine Learning: You can train models on both Raspberry Pi devices, where one device sends data to the other for training, and they both improve over time.

Distributed Systems: With two Raspberry Pis, you can build a distributed system where each Pi runs part of the computation, and they collaborate to solve more complex tasks.

Conclusion:

Raspberry Pi is definitely a better choice for the task of two computers communicating and learning from each other, as it offers the computational power, memory, and flexibility needed for machine learning, real-time communication, and more advanced systems. The Arduino is more suitable for simple tasks and small embedded systems, whereas the Raspberry Pi can handle much more complex processing, communication, and learning systems.

If you want to build a more advanced learning system, I would recommend using Raspberry Pi boards. Would you like to dive deeper into a specific part of the setup or need help with more advanced machine learning on Raspberry Pi?

Creating a Raspberry Pi-based PC involves setting up a Raspberry Pi board to function as a full desktop computer, capable of running an operating system, connecting to the internet, and supporting peripherals like a keyboard, mouse, and display. Unlike an Arduino, which is used for embedded systems, a Raspberry Pi is a full-fledged computer, making it much easier to set up as a personal computer.

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to turn a Raspberry Pi into a fully functional PC.

What You Need:

Raspberry Pi Board (e.g., Raspberry Pi 4, Raspberry Pi 3, or Raspberry Pi Zero)

MicroSD Card (at least 8 GB, recommended 16 GB or more) for the operating system

Power Supply (5V 3A USB-C for Raspberry Pi 4, or appropriate power for other models)

HDMI Cable and a Display (HDMI-compatible monitor or TV)

Keyboard and Mouse (USB or Bluetooth, depending on your preference)

Internet connection (Ethernet cable or Wi-Fi)

USB storage (optional, for additional storage)

MicroSD card reader (for flashing the operating system)

Step-by-Step Guide:

1. Prepare the MicroSD Card with Raspberry Pi OS

First, you'll need to install the operating system on your MicroSD card. The most common and recommended OS for Raspberry Pi is Raspberry Pi OS (formerly Raspbian).

Download Raspberry Pi Imager: Visit Raspberry Pi’s official website and download the Raspberry Pi Imager for your computer (Windows, macOS, or Linux).

Install Raspberry Pi OS:

Open the Raspberry Pi Imager, select "Choose OS", and select Raspberry Pi OS (32-bit) (recommended for most users).

Select your MicroSD card as the target.

Click Write to flash the OS onto the SD card.

Enable SSH or Wi-Fi (Optional): If you plan to use the Raspberry Pi headlessly (without a monitor, keyboard, or mouse), you can enable SSH or configure Wi-Fi before inserting the SD card into the Pi:

After flashing, insert the SD card into your computer.

Open the boot partition and create an empty file named "ssh" (no extension) to enable SSH.

For Wi-Fi, create a file called wpa_supplicant.conf with your Wi-Fi credentials: country=US ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev update_config=1 network={ ssid="Your_SSID" psk="Your_Password" }

2. Set Up the Raspberry Pi

Insert the SD card into the Raspberry Pi.

Connect your HDMI cable from the Raspberry Pi to the monitor.

Plug in your keyboard and mouse via the USB ports.

Connect the power supply to the Raspberry Pi.

3. First Boot and Raspberry Pi OS Setup

When you power on the Raspberry Pi, it should boot into Raspberry Pi OS.

Follow the on-screen instructions to:

Set up your language, timezone, and keyboard layout.

Set up your Wi-Fi connection (if not already done).

Update the system by running sudo apt update and sudo apt upgrade in the terminal.

4. Install Additional Software

Once your Raspberry Pi is running, you can install additional software based on your needs. For example:

Web Browsing: The default browser is Chromium, but you can install others like Firefox.

Office Suite: Install LibreOffice for document editing, spreadsheets, and presentations.

Command: sudo apt install libreoffice

Development Tools: If you want to use the Pi for programming, you can install IDEs like Thonny (for Python) or Visual Studio Code.

Command: sudo apt install code

Media Software: You can use VLC for media playback or Kodi for a home theater system.

5. Optimize Your Setup

To make your Raspberry Pi run smoothly and feel more like a desktop PC:

Increase Memory Allocation: If you're using a Raspberry Pi 4, you can allocate more memory to the GPU via sudo raspi-config.

Enable Auto-Login: To skip the login screen on boot, you can configure auto-login:

Run sudo raspi-config.

Select Boot Options → Desktop/CLI → Desktop Autologin.

Configure Performance Settings: You can tweak performance settings like CPU overclocking or enabling hardware acceleration for graphics in the Raspberry Pi configuration tool (raspi-config).

6. Optional: Adding a Large Storage Device

If the 8 GB or 16 GB of storage on the SD card isn’t enough, you can plug in a USB hard drive or USB flash drive to expand your storage. You can also configure the Raspberry Pi to boot from a USB drive (for faster performance compared to an SD card).

7. Set Up Remote Access (Optional)

If you prefer to control the Raspberry Pi from another computer:

SSH: You can access the Raspberry Pi's terminal remotely via SSH (if enabled during setup). To connect, use a tool like PuTTY (Windows) or the terminal (Linux/macOS):

Command: ssh pi@<raspberrypi-ip-address>

VNC: You can use VNC for remote desktop access.

Enable VNC using sudo raspi-config.

Download and install RealVNC on your computer to access the Raspberry Pi’s graphical desktop remotely.

8. Using Your Raspberry Pi as a Full PC

Once you’ve completed the setup, your Raspberry Pi will be ready to use like a regular desktop computer. You can:

Surf the web, check emails, and use social media with browsers like Chromium or Firefox.

Write documents, create spreadsheets, and presentations using LibreOffice.

Code in multiple languages (Python, Java, C++, etc.).

Play media files with VLC or stream content using Kodi.

9. Advanced Uses: Building a Raspberry Pi "Server"

If you want your Raspberry Pi to act as a server or take on additional tasks, you can configure it for various roles:

Home Automation: Set up a Home Assistant or OpenHAB server for smart home automation.

Web Server: You can install Apache or Nginx and run a web server.

Command: sudo apt install apache2

Cloud Server: Set up Nextcloud or ownCloud to create your own cloud storage.

Conclusion

Creating a Raspberry Pi PC is a great way to repurpose the Raspberry Pi as a low-cost, energy-efficient desktop computer. Whether you're using it for everyday tasks like browsing, programming, or media consumption, or even more advanced tasks like running servers or learning about Linux, the Raspberry Pi is incredibly versatile.

If you need help with specific configurations, software installation, or troubleshooting, feel free to ask!